As the weather cools and the leaves begin to change colors, many Iowans are busy with outdoor projects or getting students settled into college housing. Whether you’re climbing a ladder, working the fields or firing up a space heater, take a few minutes to review these important safety tips.

Ladder safety

Outdoor chores like cleaning gutters and trimming trees often require the use of ladders or tall tools. Stay safe by remembering to look up and be aware of power lines as you use ladders or large tools on your property.

Ensure the ladder is on level ground and that the base is stable. Always maintain three points of contact on the ladder – two hands and one foot or two feet and one hand. Carry tools in a tool belt or pouch to keep your hands free when climbing the ladder. If possible, have another person hold the base of your ladder when you are on it.

Harvest safety

In Iowa, we know autumn has arrived when we see combines in the fields. We remind farmers and field workers to maintain a 10-foot clearance around power lines and poles and to use a spotter when raising or lowering large equipment or high loads that could come into contact with power lines.

If you are in a vehicle or implement that makes contact with power lines, stay in the cab, contact the local power utility or law enforcement, and keep others away from you until an authority confirms that the power line has been de-energized. If there is a fire in the cab and you need to exit, jump clear of the equipment without touching it and keep your feet together. Then, bunny hop away with both feet together or shuffle-walk away without lifting your feet off the ground.

Dorm safety

It’s also the time of year when college students move into dorms, apartments and off-campus housing. If you have a student in college, take time to discuss electrical safety and fire safety. Locate fire alarms and fire extinguishers, and walk through the best way to evacuate the space in case of a fire.

Talk to your student about the dangers of overloading electrical outlets and how to use extension cords. For example, don’t “daisy chain” extension cords to each other, and don’t plug major appliances into extension cords. Unattended cookware is the leading cause of dorm fires, so remind your student to keep an eye on food while it’s cooking.

Space heaters

Cooler autumn weather also ushers in the use of space heaters. Remember to plug your space heater directly into a wall outlet; it could overload a power strip or extension cord. Keep your space heater at least 3 feet from anything that might burn, including furniture, bedding or curtains.

Never leave pets or children unattended around space heaters, and shut them off when you go to sleep or leave the room. Only use space heaters that automatically shut off when tipped over.

Move over, slow down

Iowa motorists are required by law to move over or slow down when approaching ANY vehicle on the side of the road with flashing lights activated, including co-op utility trucks. Give our co-op employees room on the road to work safely; their families thank you!

Scott Meinecke is the director of safety and loss control at the Iowa Association of Electric Cooperatives.

Iowa state law requires motorists to move over or slow down when approaching ANY vehicle stopped on the side of the road with its flashing lights activated, including passenger cars with hazard lights. Those who fail to obey the law could receive a traffic ticket or even lose their driver’s license.

When lineworkers are perched in a bucket truck, repairing power lines along a busy road, they have good reason to be concerned about their safety. However, most are less apprehensive about problems like working with high voltages or falling. Their biggest worry is also the most unpredictable: a distracted driver slamming into their vehicle or a nearby power pole.         

The National Safety Council reported that 891 people were killed and 37,701 people were injured in work zone crashes during 2022 (the most recent statistics). Most of those crashes occur in construction sites, which are usually well-marked. Electric co-op crews are likely to face even greater danger, as they often work along remote stretches of roads, frequently in adverse weather conditions that can reduce their visibility.

Move over laws vary


The danger of work zone crashes led every state to adopt “move over” laws that require drivers to lower their speed and switch lanes when possible to protect emergency vehicles. The goal is to provide an added safety buffer and minimize the potential for accidents. Drivers caught violating the laws can face penalties such as significant fines.

Unfortunately, the Journal of Road Safety reports that just 14 states’ “move over” laws protect other types of service vehicles, such as construction trucks and utility vehicles. That means drivers in those states are under no legal obligation to give lineworkers that added margin of safety.

In accordance with Iowa state law, motorists must move over or slow down when approaching ANY vehicle stopped on the side of the road with its flashing lights activated, including passenger cars with hazard lights. Those who fail to obey the law could receive a traffic ticket or even lose their driver’s license.

Distracted driving poses additional risks


Compounding this issue is the dramatic increase in distracted driving. The National Transportation Highway Safety Administration has reported that as many as 1,000 Americans are injured each day because of activities that take drivers’ attention away from the road. The most common is reading and responding to text messages. If a driver traveling at 55 miles per hour glances at their phone for just five seconds, they’ll have traveled the length of a football field before returning their gaze to the road.

The design of today’s vehicles contributes to distraction. Many vehicles have complex controls for entertainment and climate that demand the driver take their eyes off the road to make even simple adjustments.

Geography can also be a factor. Co-ops serving rural and remote areas often have power lines along hilly roads. Locals accustomed to driving those roads at fairly high speeds may be startled and have little time to react when they encounter a work crew past a hill or around a curve.

Besides the potential for lineworker injuries, accidents can also damage or destroy expensive service vehicles, reducing a co-op’s ability to respond to outages and other problems. Power poles and other infrastructure may also suffer severe damage.

Maintaining focus is essential


Additionally, many of the tasks performed by lineworkers, such as reconnecting high-voltage power lines, are inherently dangerous and require their complete focus. When their attention is distracted by speeding or noisy vehicles, they’re more likely to make mistakes that can complicate the repair or cause injury.

Co-op employees are not only at risk only when their vehicles are parked and repairs are underway. Lineworkers frequently have to drive slowly along the shoulder of roads to pinpoint broken power lines or failed transformers, especially in darkness or conditions that interfere with visibility.

Many state transportation agencies, including Iowa, have work zone awareness programs. Amplifying those efforts by devoting part of a co-op’s advertising, publicity and social media reminds co-op members and other drivers of the importance of giving lineworkers a wide berth.

Co-ops are considering ways they can modify bucket trucks and other service vehicles to make them even more visible. Bright colors and additional lighting, such as flashing strobe lights and lighted detour arrows, can attract attention from a distance. Reflective “work zone ahead” signs can also alert drivers to be ready for an unusual situation.

Remember, if you see any vehicle stopped on the side of the road with flashing lights activated, you are required by law to move over or slow down, preferably both. Please give our employees room on the road; their families thank you!

Scott Flood writes on energy-related topics for the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association.

May is Electrical Safety Month, and it’s a great opportunity to share some safety tips as many Iowans spend more time outdoors planting crops, doing yardwork or enjoying the springtime weather. Take a few moments to review these safety precautions with your family this month.

Safety in the field

As you head into the fields this season, always keep a 10-foot clearance between equipment and power lines. Take time to study where all overhead power lines, poles and guy wires are located on your property and make sure any workers are also aware. 

Plan your route between fields and on public roads to avoid low-hanging power lines; never attempt to raise or move a power line to clear a path. When moving large equipment or high loads near a power line, always use a spotter to avoid contact with a line. 

If equipment comes into contact with a power line, assume the line is energized and deadly. The operator should NOT get off the machinery unless in immediate danger. If the operator touches the ground and the equipment at the same time, they will become a channel for electricity.

Instead, the operator should stay on the equipment and immediately contact the local electric utility or 911 to report the incident so electricity can be shut off safely before exiting. 

When thunder roars, go indoors

There is no safe place from lightning when you’re outside. It’s important to be aware of weather forecasts and watch for developing thunderstorms, as lightning can strike many miles ahead of a storm front. If you hear thunder, seek shelter immediately because it indicates lightning is within 10 miles. Authorities warn against outdoor activity until 30 minutes after the last clap of thunder is heard. Sign up for free county emergency notifications at www.alert.iowa.gov. 

Call before you dig

Spring is prime time for landscaping projects and home improvement projects. Remember to contact Iowa One Call at least two business days before you dig so underground utilities can be properly located and marked. It’s the law, and it could just save your life! Buried utility lines are everywhere, and an underground utility line is damaged every few minutes in the U.S. because someone decided to dig without calling 811 first. 

Move over or slow down 

We need your help keeping our lineworkers, engineers and maintenance workers safe on Iowa’s roadways. If you see any vehicle stopped on the side of the road with flashing lights activated, you are required by law to move over or slow down, preferably both. Please give our employees room on the road to work safely; their families thank you!

Scott Meinecke is the director of safety and loss control for the Iowa Association of Electric Cooperatives.

• Read and follow all manufacturer operating instructions to properly ground the generator. Be sure you understand the directions before hooking up the generator.
• A generator is a temporary power source. It should never be used as a permanent solution.
• Maintain adequate ventilation because generators emit CO. It’s against fire code to operate a generator in your home, garage or other enclosed building. Place it in a dry location outdoors. The Consumer Product Safety Commission recommends generators be positioned at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents to prevent CO from entering the home.
• Never plug a portable electric generator into a wall outlet or connect directly to a home’s wiring. This can energize utility power lines and injure you or others working nearby. Electrical back feed can also damage the generator and home electrical equipment.
• Turn off the generator and allow cooling before refueling. Gasoline and its vapors may ignite if they come in contact with hot components or an electric spark. Store fuel in a properly designed container in a secure location away from the generator or other fuel-burning appliances, such as water heaters. Always have a fully charged, approved fire extinguisher located nearby.
• Protect your appliances. Turn off or disconnect all appliances and lights before you begin operating the portable generator. Once the generator is running, turn your appliances and lights on one at a time to avoid overloading the unit. Remember, generators are for temporary usage, prioritize your needs.
• Generators pose electrical risks especially when operated in wet conditions. Use a generator only when necessary when the weather creates wet or moist conditions. Protect the generator by operating it under an open, canopy-like structure on a dry surface where water cannot form puddles or drain under it. Make sure your hands are dry before touching the generator.
• Keep children and pets away from portable generators at all times. Many generator components are hot enough to burn you during operation.
• Use proper extension cords. Use only safety-tested, shop-type electrical cords designed and rated for heavier, outdoor use to connect appliances. Many generators are equipped with twist-lock connects to reduce the chance of accidental disconnections due to vibrations.
• Shut down the generator properly. Before shutting down a generator, turn off and unplug all appliances and equipment being powered by the generator.
• Remember maintenance between uses. Drain the gasoline from the generator while it is being stored. It’s also a good idea to inspect the fuel and oil filters, spark plug, oil level and fuel quality, and to start the generator on a regular basis before an emergency situation happens.

From street lights to porch lights, studies show that better outdoor lighting reduces crime. But those same reports say that security lighting works best as part of a plan that accounts for what crooks look for.

The basic advice from law enforcement, insurance companies and home security system vendors is not to just flip on the yard light before bed. In fact, you may want to turn it off before turning in because the goal is to make it look like people are home.

Here are six tips to electrify your outdoor lighting technology and increase the security of your home.

1. Think like a burglar. Intruders would rather you not be home, so they watch for signs that people are at work or on vacation. That’s why most burglaries happen in the day, and why leaving your lights on all day and night can be an advertisement that no one’s home. Do keep the yard lit while you’re up and around to show normal activity. Turning off the porch light at bedtime can be a sign to a potential intruder that someone is in the house. It’s also good to pay attention to spots that could cover up a break-in and keep trees and bushes trimmed.
2. Light for the right reasons. Are you trying to light a walkway for guests or keep intruders away from an entrance? Place lights so they achieve your objective. And safety isn’t just about reducing crime. A well-lit outdoor space can also prevent trips, falls and other accidents.
3. Enlist technology. Electronic timers and lights that turn on when they sense motion can give the impression that someone’s home and can light the sidewalk when you return from an outing. Increasingly, lights and fixtures can be linked to a smartphone so they can be turned on and off while you’re out and about.
4. Weigh the pros and cons of a home security system. Security cameras, alarm systems and protection services offer a wide range of conveniences, including fire protection or checking on pets. They can be expensive, so do your research carefully and know your end goals.
5. Protect yourself from internet hackers. Whether it’s a security camera or a smart light bulb, internet-connected devices can be hacked by cyber crooks. The basic internet security advice is to have strong passwords and change them regularly, especially on your home’s central router. Keep software updated on your devices and even though it’s tempting, don’t use social media to tell the world you’re on vacation.
6. Go old school. Besides electricity and technology, use people to reduce crime. Invite a police officer to give a safety briefing at a neighborhood meeting. And of all the crime-reducing tips, experts say the best is to get to know your neighbors so they can recognize and report any out-of-the- ordinary activity.

Lighting the path to safety involves making a plan, wise use of technology and a little help from your friends.

Paul Wesslund writes on consumer and cooperative affairs for the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association, the national trade association representing more than 900 local electric cooperatives.

 

Spring is in full swing, and there are several safety precautions to be mindful of this season:

Call before you dig

April is National Safe Digging Month for a reason! Many of us will be working on landscaping and home improvement projects. Remember to contact Iowa One Call at least two business days before you dig to any depth so underground utilities can be properly located and marked. It’s the law, and it could save your life or prevent serious damage. Before you dig, call Iowa One Call at 8-1-1 or visit www.IowaOneCall.com to process your request.

Move over or slow down on the road

We need your help in keeping our lineworkers, engineers and maintenance workers safe on Iowa’s roadways. If you see any vehicle stopped on the side of the road with flashing lights activated, you are required by law to move over or slow down, preferably both. Please give our employees room on the road; their families thank you!

Kids at play

Talk to your children about the dangers of electricity and to stay away from power lines, utility poles and pad-mounted transformers. Keep kites, balloons and flying toys away from electric equipment and always assume power lines are energized and dangerous. Never use electricity near pools or water without using ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) outlets.

When thunder roars, go indoors

Storm season has returned and there is no safe place from lightning when you’re outside. Be aware of weather forecasts and watch for developing thunderstorms as lightning can strike many miles ahead of a storm front. If you hear thunder, seek shelter immediately because it indicates lightning is within 10 miles of you. Safe shelters include inside a building or in an enclosed metal-topped vehicle. Authorities warn against outdoor activity until 30 minutes after the last clap of thunder is heard.

Safety in the field

As you head into the fields to plant, keep a 10-foot clearance between your equipment and power lines at all times. Take time to study where all overhead power lines, poles and guy wires are located on your property and inform your workers about them. Plan your route between fields and on public roads so that you avoid low-hanging power lines; never attempt to raise or move a power line to clear a path. When moving large equipment or high loads near a power line, always use a spotter to help make certain that contact is not made with a line. 

If equipment comes into contact with a power line, assume the line is energized and deadly. The operator should NOT get off the machinery unless in immediate danger. If the operator touches the ground and the equipment at the same time, they will become a channel for electricity. Instead, the operator should stay on the equipment and contact the local electric utility or 911 immediately to report the incident so power lines can be deenergized safely before exiting.   

Scott Meinecke is the director of safety and loss control for the Iowa Association of Electric Cooperatives.

As director of safety at the Iowa Association of Electric Cooperatives, I routinely conduct safety visits and site inspections for Iowa’s locally owned electric cooperatives. As I talk with lineworkers, there’s one big safety concern that always comes up: They are worried about being hit by motorists when working near roadways. You can play a major role in keeping lineworkers safe on the road by moving over and slowing down.

The recent Iowa derecho showed us all the power of Mother Nature, and it served as a strong reminder of the important work lineworkers undertake. Over the next several months, you may see more electric cooperative line crews along roadways as they work to make permanent system repairs from the storm.

Please keep these timely safety reminders top of mind this fall:

Slow moving vehicles

As farmers transport equipment to the fields for harvest season, be prepared to reduce speed quickly. Remember that slow moving vehicles may have blind spots that make it difficult to see you, and many can’t go any faster than 25 or 30 miles per hour. Remain patient and wait for a clear line of sight before passing.

Obstructed intersections

Approach rural intersections and railroad crossings obstructed by tall corn with caution. Wet weather and smaller vehicles like ATVs can hold down the dust on gravel roads, so don’t solely rely on dust trails. Approach uncontrolled intersections blinded by crops as a stop sign.

Move over or slow down

Iowa has a move over or slow down law that says motorists must move over or slow down if they approach any vehicle stopped on the side of the road with its flashing lights activated. Even with this law in place, our lineworkers still encounter drivers who are distracted or simply fail to give them room on the road to work safely. Get in the habit of moving over and slowing down every time you see a stopped vehicle on the side of the road. Iowa’s lineworkers and their families thank you; their jobs are dangerous enough already.

Stop for school buses

Many students are back in school, which means you’re going to encounter school buses. Follow these rules on two- or three-lane roads:

• Approaching the bus from the rear: When you see flashing red or amber warning lights, you are not permitted to pass the school bus. Stop no closer than 15 feet from the rear of the bus and remain stopped until the stop arm is retracted and the school bus starts moving again. Proceed with caution.
• Meeting the bus from the front: When you see amber warning lights flashing, you must slow your vehicle to no more than 20 mph and be prepared to stop. Stop in front of the school bus when the school bus stops and its stop arm is extended. Remain stopped until the stop arm is retracted. Proceed with caution.  

Scott Meinecke is the director of safety and loss control at the Iowa Association of Electric Cooperatives.

Call before you dig

Spring is prime time for landscaping projects and “honey do” lists around the home. Remember to contact Iowa One Call at least two business days before you dig to any depth so underground utilities can be properly located. It’s the law, and it could just save your life! Buried utility lines are everywhere, and an underground utility line is damaged every 6 minutes in the U.S. because someone decided to dig without calling 811 first.

Put safety first in the field

As you head into the fields to plant, always make sure to keep a 10-foot clearance between your equipment and power lines. Take time to study where all overhead power lines, poles and guy wires are located on your property and inform your workers about them. Plan your route between fields and on public roads so that you avoid low-hanging power lines; never attempt to raise or move a power line to clear a path. When moving large equipment or high loads near a power line, always use a spotter to help make sure that contact is not made with a line.

If equipment comes into contact with a power line, assume the line is energized and deadly. The operator should NOT get off the machinery unless in immediate danger. If the operator touches the ground and the equipment at the same time, he or she will become a channel for electricity. Instead, the operator should stay on the equipment and contact the local electric utility or 911 immediately to report the incident so electricity can be shut off safely before exiting.

When thunder roars, go indoors

Spring storms will be here soon, so remember that there is no safe place from lightning when you’re outside. It’s important to be aware of weather forecasts and watch for developing thunderstorms as lightning can strike many miles ahead of a storm front. If you hear thunder, seek shelter immediately because it indicates lightning is within 10 miles of you. Safe shelters include inside a building or in an enclosed metal-topped vehicle. Authorities warn against outdoor activity until 30 minutes after the last clap of thunder is heard.

Stay away from downed power lines

Spring and summer weather can bring storms and lead to downed power lines. Assume any wire lying on the ground is carrying electricity and stay away from it. If you spot a downed wire, immediately call your local police and your electric co-op. Keep others from getting near the downed wire until help arrives. Never attempt to drive over a downed power line.

Move over or slow down on the road

We need your help in keeping our line workers, engineers and maintenance workers safe on Iowa’s roadways. If you see any vehicle stopped on the side of the road with flashing lights activated, you are required by law to move over or slow down, preferably both. Please give our employees room on the road; their jobs are hazardous enough already.  

Electric cooperative employees across Iowa participate in numerous meetings each year to work on one of their most significant challenges – staying safe as a lineworker.

“Anyone involved in working with electricity knows it has the potential to be dangerous and life-threatening,” says John Dvorak, director of safety and loss control for the Iowa Association Electric Cooperatives (IAEC). “Lineworkers are handling 7,200-volt and 14,400-volt power lines daily, and while that can become routine, we work hard to ensure the hazards of the work should never be taken for granted.”

Commitment to Zero Contacts

That’s why the Commitment to Zero Contacts program has become a central component of safety training for electric co-ops throughout Iowa and the country. Developed as a joint initiative by the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) and Federated Rural Electric Insurance Cooperative, it was introduced to electric co-ops in spring 2018 as a major focus of safety awareness.

“Since April of 2018, more than 570 CEOs of electric co-ops have personally endorsed the goals of the program,” says Bud Branham, NRECA’s director of safety programs. “These commitments are centered on reviewing current safety efforts against the initiative findings and adjusting where possible to mitigate risk. It is not meant to be a top-down initiative, and the real value comes through involving employees as part of the commitment.”

“One of our greatest challenges is making sure that routine familiarity with the work, complacency and overconfidence don’t erode overall safety awareness,” Dvorak says. “We strive to instill the philosophy of never letting your guard down and knowing that if you lose focus – even for a second – it could result in a serious injury or fatality.”

Reinforcing safety fundamentals

The consequences of an incident in this industry are so high and getting that critical “buy-in” requires much more than lectures, memos and discussions. IAEC’s safety instructors use a variety of techniques to make safety awareness personal and encourage lineworkers and other employees to discuss safety concerns.  

In the breakrooms and gear rooms of several co-ops, the family connection to safety is a regular reminder for co-op employees, with family photos hanging on the walls to remind crews that one mistake can be fatal.

Reinforcing safety fundamentals is critical, and IAEC’s safety instructors always look for ways to interject the Commitment to Zero Contacts into their regular discussions and training lessons.

“We encourage conversations about safety during job briefings, and that includes a thorough inspection of personal protection equipment before work gets underway,” Dvorak says. “Our cooperative commitment to safety never stops. Every day, our goal remains the same – for linemen to go home safely to their families.”

When co-op crews are protected and ready to get the job done, members can count on the safe, reliable power they depend on day in and day out.  

Ann Thelen is the editor of Living with Energy in Iowa.

When John Dvorak retires in March from his role with the Iowa Association of Electric Cooperatives (IAEC), people will miss his positive energy, knowledge and above all, his commitment to helping co-op employees go home safely each day.

For the past decade, Dvorak has served as IAEC’s Director of Safety and Loss Control, working with electric cooperatives across the state to provide safety training and general work procedures training while promoting a proactive safety culture. Before joining IAEC, Dvorak worked for Chariton Valley Electric Cooperative in south central Iowa for more than 30 years as a lineman and operations manager.

During his career, Dvorak has witnessed industry changes, technological advancements and an evolving safety culture. He is passionate about safety, and his enthusiasm is contagious. It’s contributed to the depth of safety programs across Iowa and fostered a culture where employee and member safety is always the No. 1 priority for electric cooperatives.

“Since John’s first day at IAEC, his focus was to build on and improve the safety program for electric cooperatives and the members they serve. With John’s leadership, the entire safety team has incorporated many new and innovative safety education and training ideas. His commitment and dedication have allowed us to emphasize the importance of safety and have taken the safety program to the next level. He has transformed IAEC’s safety program and is leaving it in a better place than when he started. We are grateful for John’s dedication to Iowa’s electric cooperatives,” says Chuck Soderberg, executive vice president and general manager, Iowa Association of Electric Cooperatives.

We recently sat down with Dvorak, where he shared some of his career experiences.

Tell us about how your career started with Iowa’s electric cooperatives.

I graduated from the Powerline Program at Northwest Iowa Community College in Sheldon and immediately started working for Chariton Valley Electric Cooperative (CVEC) as a lineman, earning $5.63 per hour. Coming out of school, my biggest fear was getting burned while working on power lines and equipment. Working in this industry can be unforgiving, and I was fortunate to have mentors at CVEC who taught me to do things right the first time, even if it takes longer.

You’ve worked a lot of long hours during storms and outages. What are some situations that stand out in your memory?

The coldest weather I ever worked in was a day with a windchill of 85 degrees below zero. Ice storms are long, tough days. During one of those storms, I once worked 42 hours consecutively and slept in coveralls at a hotel with no power for two nights. It’s what we do, and it’s in our DNA. Co-op members depend on us, and there is nothing cooler than restoring power and seeing the lights come back on. Working in the heat can be even worse. When I started, staying hydrated while working out in the sun with high heat and humidity was challenging. Today, there are products on the market, such as Gatorade, which are game-changers for this type of work.

What is it like to be a lineman?

It’s fulfilling work to know that we’re helping to power homes and businesses that ultimately improve the quality of life in areas served by electric cooperatives. Line work is demanding on your body and family. The daily grind of climbing in and out of ditches, climbing poles and construction aspects take a toll over time. It can be worrisome for our families, knowing that severe injuries and fatalities are possible if we don’t have our minds 100% on the task at hand. Through my role at IAEC, it’s been gratifying to help linemen hone their safety skills and have a mindset of safety first.

How has technology improved for line crews since your career started in the 1970s?

Technology has transformed nearly everything from the trucks and equipment to the apparel linemen wear. On the jobsite, there are better warning devices, such as lights and alarms. The trucks are bigger with rotating and elevating buckets that extend farther to reach line equipment. Many of the boom and digger trucks are now four-wheel drive. We also have more computers and Automated External Defibrillators on the trucks. Hydraulic and battery-operated tools have improved the efficiency and effectiveness of the equipment. Technology has also improved clothing with flame-retardant and high-visibility materials. Cell phones have drastically improved communication. From a power generation perspective, wind, solar, electric vehicles and battery technologies have emerged and will likely continue to change the energy landscape.

What accomplishments are you most proud of in your role at IAEC?

Knowing that our training programs helped prevent an injury or saved a life is always at the very top of the list. In addition, I’m proud of developing the four-year linemen apprenticeship training program. The U.S. Department of Labor-certified program includes 7,000 hours of online and hands-on training, study and tests. We saw a need for this type of program for electric cooperatives in Iowa and worked to implement this rigorous training effort. Working on power lines is an unforgiving business and specialized training is needed. Today, almost every state has an apprenticeship training program.

In his retirement, it’s unlikely the energetic safety leader will sit still for very long. His priority will be spending more time with his wife of 45 years, Linda – who was his high school sweetheart – and daughter, Kristine, and son, Aaron, along with their families. The first stop on the road to retirement, however, will be on sunny beach in Florida where he’ll proclaim, “I made it!” And, he’ll be right. John Dvorak always made it a better environment when he was around. Whether it was sharing his expertise, a smile or laugh, he has made Iowa’s electric cooperatives safer and will be missed.   

Ann Thelen is the editor of Living with Energy in Iowa.

Recently, IAEC worked with Central Iowa Power Cooperative’s (CIPCO) Creston transmission line crew and Rex Butler, CIPCO’s manager of environmental and safety, to practice rubber glove training on power equipment.

“Because transmission lines are a higher voltage than the distribution lines delivering power directly to co-op members’ properties, this was an excellent opportunity for Creston’s linemen to train for live wire work, says John Dvorak, IAEC’s director of safety and loss control. 

“We had this training so the linemen would know how to apply cover-up material on the lines. The exercise allows them to practice working above the line or stringing wire safely around the energized conductors.”

Dvorak and Scott Meinecke, one of IAEC’s job training and safety instructors, conducted the training in late August at the Iowa Association of Municipal Utilities in Ankeny.  
 

May is National Electrical Safety Month. Not only does the month bring spring storms and potentially severe weather, but it also heralds the beginning of the celebration season for many high school students, especially seniors. Proms, graduation parties and other social gatherings are often associated with this time of year.

Does your teen or loved one know what to do in the event of a collision with a utility pole resulting in a downed power line? Do your loved ones know what to do if they come upon an accident with a downed power line? The following tips are good reminders for people of all ages and may be especially helpful for youngsters unfamiliar with electrical hazards.

Life-saving tips

If a car collides with a utility pole, the vehicle may be charged with electricity. Anyone exiting the car could encounter thousands of volts of electricity from the downed line. When you step out of the car, you become part of the electricity’s path to the ground and could be electrocuted. Stay in the vehicle and tell others to do the same until emergency crews have told you it’s safe to exit the car.

If the vehicle is on fire or you must exit for other safety reasons, jump clear of the vehicle. Do not let any part of your body or clothing touch the vehicle and ground at the same time. Land with your feet together and shuffle away (in small steps with your feet still together) to avoid electric shock. Keep moving away until you are at least 40 feet from the vehicle.

If you come upon a car accident involving a utility pole and downed power lines, keep your distance. A downed power line can energize the ground up to 35 feet away. While you may be concerned about injuries to those involved, the best action you can take is to alert emergency officials, who will in turn coordinate with the power provider. Never drive over a downed power line or through water that is touching a downed power line.

If you have a downed power line on your property as a result of a falling tree, storm or other circumstance, do not go near the power line. Assume that the downed line is energized and dangerous. Never try to move the power line even if you think it’s not energized or if you are using a non-conductive material. You may be anxious to clear your property of tree limbs or other debris near the downed line but wait until after an electric co-op crew, or emergency officials have confirmed that it is safe to do so.

Most accidents are preventable

According to the Electrical Safety Foundation International, thousands of people in the U.S. are critically injured and electrocuted as a result of electrical fires, accidents and electrocution in their own homes. Many of these accidents are preventable.

We know firsthand how dangerous electricity is because Iowa’s electric cooperatives work with it all day, every day.

Contact your local electric co-op for additional electrical safety tips or if you would like to request a safety demonstration at your school or community event. It is no accident that safety is our top priority.  

BY JOHN DVORAK

Call before you dig

Spring is prime time for landscaping projects and “honey do” lists around the home. Remember to contact Iowa One Call at least two business days before you dig to any depth so underground utilities can be properly located. It’s the law, and it could just save your life! Buried utility lines are everywhere, and an underground utility line is damaged every six minutes in the U.S. because someone decided to dig without calling 811 first.

Safety in the field

As you head into the fields to plant, always make sure to keep a 10-foot clearance between your equipment and power lines. Take time to study where all overhead power lines, poles and guy wires are located on your property and inform your workers about them. Plan your route between fields and on public roads so that you avoid low-hanging power lines; never attempt to raise or move a power line to clear a path. When moving large equipment or high loads near a power line, always use a spotter to help make sure that contact is not made with a line.

If equipment comes into contact with a power line, assume the line is energized and deadly. The operator should NOT get off the machinery unless in immediate danger. If the operator touches the ground and the equipment at the same time, he or she will become a path for electricity. Instead, the operator should stay on the equipment and contact the local electric utility or 911 immediately to report the incident so electricity can be shut off safely before exiting.

When thunder roars, go indoors!

Spring storms will be here soon, so remember that there is no safe place from lightning when you’re outside. It’s important to be aware of weather forecasts and watch for developing thunderstorms as lightning can strike many miles ahead of a storm front. If you hear thunder, seek shelter immediately because it indicates lightning is within 10 miles of you. Safe shelters include inside a building or in an enclosed metal-topped vehicle. Authorities warn against outdoor activity until 30 minutes after the last clap of thunder is heard.

Move over or slow down on the road

We need your help in keeping our lineworkers, engineers and maintenance workers safe on Iowa’s roadways. If you see any vehicle stopped on the side of the road with flashing lights activated, you are required by law to move over or slow down, preferably both. Please give our employees room on the road; their jobs are hazardous enough already.

John Dvorak is the director of safety and loss control for the Iowa Association of Electric Cooperatives.

Digital technologies and smart devices are facilitating greater information sharing by allowing people (and devices) to more efficiently communicate with each other. Internet-connected devices not only better enable us to stay in touch with loved ones, they simplify and streamline our lives by communicating with each other. But greater connectivity comes with a cost.

Addressing the persistent and evolving reality of cyber threats is important for individuals and organizations alike. The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) recently launched RC3, the Rural Cooperative Cybersecurity Capabilities program, to help electric cooperatives build stronger cybersecurity programs. With funding from the U.S. Department of Energy, RC3 is developing tools to help cooperatives develop a culture of cybersecurity. 

Electric cooperatives are investing time and resources to build stronger cyber defenses and increase their resiliency to cyberattacks. As co-ops ramp up capabilities in the beneficial use of digital technologies, they are integrating best practices to safeguard consumer data and grid operations from cyberattacks.

Electric co-ops are responding to the challenge, but are you? Taking steps to protect your home network and devices from cyberattacks will save you time and money in the long run. 

Tips to beef up your personal cybersecurity:

• Make sure you have antivirus software installed on your computer and keep it updated.
• Don’t send e-mails containing personal information, like your date of birth or Social Security Number. 
• If you enter a credit card number online make sure that it’s a secure website. A secure site will begin with “https://” in the web address.
• Attachments or links in an email can contain malware that can infect your computer. Never open an e-mail attachment or click a link unless you know the person sending it, and you were expecting them to send it to you (hackers can take over an account and make it look like it’s from a friend).
• Always use a different password for each account and use a combination of numbers, special characters and lowercase and capital letters.  

Kaley Lockwood writes on consumer and cooperative affairs for the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association.
 

1. Smoke alarms:Of course, you should test them every week or at least once a month, but you also should replace the battery twice a year when you change your clocks. Also check the date on the back of your alarms to make sure you haven’t reached their maximum lifetime of 7 to 10 years – and need to replace them with new ones.
2. Carbon monoxide detectors:You should have one on every floor and test them once a month too. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for replacing the battery or when the device tells you it’s time for a new one – and replace the unit every 7-10 years; the manufacturing date is on the back.
3. Fire extinguishers:If your extinguishers have a gauge, make sure the needle falls within the green area; if they have a test button instead of a gauge, the button should pop out immediately after you push it. If your extinguishers fail either test, replace them immediately. Also note that the useful life of a fire extinguisher can be anywhere from 5 to 15 years, so check the bottom for the date of manufacture so you know when it’s time to head to the store for a new one.

Now’s also a good time to make sure none of these safety devices have been recalled by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Tens of millions of these lifesavers have been recalled during the past several years because they might not function properly, so make sure yours are OK by going to the commission’s website at www.cpsc.gov and running a search for the products you own. In the middle-left area of the home page, click on Latest Recalls; on the next page, enter your keywords in the gray Search box and click Apply.  

Electric cooperatives across the country are joining forces to raise awareness and take action by recognizing October as National Cybersecurity Awareness Month.

Electric co-ops protect the private information of members and ensure hackers don’t tamper with the reliability of the electric grid, but member-owners have a lot at stake too. Think about losing all the photos on your smartphone or having bank or credit card information stolen from your computer.

Cyber criminals all over the world are on the prowl through the Internet, and they’re getting better at what they do, according to the team of cybersecurity experts at the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA).

“The bad guys tend to be a step ahead, and we’re always going to be playing catch-up so you’re never going to be 100 percent secure,” says Barry Lawson, a senior director of regulatory affairs at NRECA. “But it’s not something to be afraid of. There are basic steps people can take to provide good layers of protection.”

Lawson, along with two other NRECA cybersecurity specialists, Cynthia Hsu, cybersecurity program manager, and Bridgette Bourge, senior principal for legislative affairs, recently discussed steps consumers can take to protect themselves and their valuable data. They suggest thinking of cybersecurity as cyber hygiene.

“Just like washing your hands will help keep you from getting bacteria,” says Bourge, “there are simple things you can do to protect yourself online.”

The first step, says Hsu, is to make cyber hygiene a habit. She advises people at work and in their homes to “incorporate basic security steps into their daily mindset.”

Here are their top tips for protecting yourself from Internet dangers at work and home:

1. Create a strong password

If it seems hard to keep up with all the passwords for the different software and applications you use, at least focus on the main passwords that allow primary Internet access, such as the ones that open your computer, phone and wireless router. Make it complicated, with a mix of upper and lower-case letters, numbers and special characters like “%” or “&.” Remember to change the password at least every 6 months.

2. Keep software updated

Updates don’t just add flashy features to your apps; they often add security patches to protect against new security threats. Updates usually come automatically from the software company, whether it’s for your computer, mobile device operating system, one of the many functional apps (like Facebook) or a link to your favorite sports team.

But take a level of caution on updates as well. You can check regularly for updates either from your device or by going to the application’s website. Be suspicious of update notices that arrive by e-mail, especially if they claim to require urgent action. Visit the application’s website to make sure the update is legitimate.

3. Don’t click on a link or attached file unless you know where it will take you

A lot of the computer hacking problems you hear about in the news result from people clicking on links or attached files that infect their computers or mobile devices. An e-mail can even be disguised to look like it’s coming from your best friend, so simple diligence can be extremely beneficial. Take a moment and move your cursor over a link to reveal the full address before clicking it. You’ll see a lot of confusing symbols, but you should also be able to recognize the name of the legitimate source. If you don’t, find another way to verify the link.

4. Install and use virus protection

Buy your anti-virus software from one of the recognized major companies, and make it a subscription-type service that regularly sends automatic updates.

5. Don’t use flash drives

Those little thumb drives or jump drives you insert into your USB port may be handy ways to share lots of photos or other large documents, but as your mother might say, you don’t know where they’ve been.

These portable memory devices have been another common way computers get infected with damaging software. Instead, learn to use Dropbox or other software solutions for transferring large files. And watch out for the high costs of some photo-sharing sites such as Photobucket, which just raised most of its fees to hundreds of dollars a year.

6. Back up your devices

Make sure you have a current copy of everything on your computer or mobile device. Every few weeks, transfer your contents to an external storage system that you then unplug from your computer. You can buy an external hardware drive or online storage designed just for this purpose.

Think of it this way: What if your computer or phone was lost or stolen? Recent computer attacks involve ransomware that locks your computer and threatens to delete or prevent access to everything on it unless you pay a ransom to the hackers. The hackers might not unlock it even after a ransom is paid. If you suffer a ransomware attack you might need to take your computer to a professional to wipe everything off your hard drive and start over. But with a backup you will be able to restore your most valuable documents.

You also should consider an offsite service such as Carbonite that silently works in the background to automatically back up your files.

7. Secure all your Internet-connected devices

Hackers have started invading wireless printers and baby monitors that work through the Internet. These devices tend to have extremely weak, preset passwords that you probably don’t even notice. Read the instructions carefully, set good passwords, keep the devices updated and make sure any wireless routers in your home are secure as well. Any Internet-connected device is vulnerable – smart TVs, cameras, voice-activated speakers, thermostats, video games, fitness bracelets, internet-connected refrigerators and even lightbulbs.

8. Protect the kids

Don’t forget that children also need to be aware and practice good cyber hygiene. They should know not to send out information such as birthdates and other ID numbers, as well as details like how long your family will be away on vacation. Learn to use age-appropriate parental control options on your hardware and software too.

To learn more about National Cybersecurity Awareness Month and to view additional cybersecurity tips, visit www.staysafeonline.org.  

Avoid the potential for electric shock drowning

Unknowingly, many boat owners and swimmers put themselves in danger by swimming near docks with lights, power pedestals and other sources of electric power. Reduce the risk of electric shock drowning by reviewing these tips from the Electrical Safety Foundation International (www.esfi.org) and sharing them with your family and friends:

• Obey all “No Swimming” signs.
• Never swim near a marina, dock or launching ramp – or close to a boat while it’s running.
• Avoid entering the water when launching or loading your boat. Docks or boats can leak electricity into the water, causing water electrification.
• Coming into contact with an energized power line can cause serious and sometimes lethal electric shocks, so be aware of your surroundings and potential electrical hazards by checking the location of nearby power lines before boating, fishing or swimming. Always maintain a distance of at least 10 feet between your boat and nearby power lines. This is particularly important for sailboats, which often have masts of 30 feet or more.
• If you feel a tingle while swimming, the water may be electrified and you need to get out of the water right away. Swim back in the direction from which you came, avoid the use of metal objects such as ladders and tell someone in immediate area.  Report the issue to the owner of the property, because this tingle is a sign that power to the facility should be turned off until a proper inspection and repairs have been completed.

Check your boat before you leave the dock or ramp

• If you question the safety of your boat’s electrical system, immediately turn off the power supply at the electrical panel, and don’t turn it back on until an electrician has checked it.
• Know where the main breakers are located for both the boat and the shore power source, so you can respond quickly in case of an emergency.
• Only use shore or marine power cords, plugs, receptacles and extension cords designed specifically for use near water and tested by Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Canadian Standards Association (CSA) or ETL SEMKO (ETL). Don’t use cords that are frayed or damaged or that have had the prongs removed or altered.
• Have ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) installed on your boat and insist that your marina or dock owner have them installed on the dock. Test them once a month.
• Where permanently wired GFCIs aren’t available, use “UL-Marine Listed” portable GFCIs when using electricity near water to decrease the chances of shock or electrocution.
• Consider having equipment leakage circuit interrupters (ELCIs) installed on your boat to protect nearby swimmers from potential electricity leakage into water surrounding your boat.
• Never stand or swim in water when turning electrical devices or switches on or off.
• The marina should be safety inspected annually. Be sure to report damaged or missing equipment, nonfunctional GFCIs and corroded or damaged power pedestals to the marina owner. A pedestal or dockside electrical system is a power box designed with corrosion-resistant materials to provide electricity safely on the dock in marine environments. Notify the marina owner of any electrical safety hazards so they can be fixed immediately.

Follow these pool and hot tub safety tips too

When the weather gets hot, it’s time to head outdoors for sun, fun and water! Make sure everyone in your family has a safe summer by sharing these tips from the Electrical Safety Foundation International (www. esfi.org):

• Keep outlets near pools, hot tubs and spas – and even the sprinkler – covered and dry. Look for covers that offer protection when outlets aren’t being used, as well as ones that offer splash and weather protection whenever a plug is inserted.
• Outdoor outlets should be protected by a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI). Many older swimming pools predate the introduction of GFCIs in the 1970s, so upgrade branch circuits supplying power to underwater pool lights operating above 15 volts.
• If outdoor outlets are not GFCI protected, use a portable GFCI or GFCI extension cord. They require no tools to install and are available at prices ranging from $12 to $40, but they only should be on a temporary basis and need to be tested prior to every use.
• Make sure all electrical equipment for swimming pools and other outdoor equipment is grounded – even cleaning equipment.
• Keep electrical equipment, tools and cords at least 10 feet away from water sources. Whenever possible, use battery-operated electrical devices outside.
• Never handle electrical devices when you’re wet – either from water activities or from perspiration.
• If an electrical product falls into the water, don’t reach into the water to retrieve it. Instead, first make sure you’re dry and not in contact with water or metal surfaces. Then unplug the device immediately or shut off the circuit powering the item.
• Make sure there are no power lines over a swimming pool.
• To avoid electric shock drowning, have an electrician inspect and upgrade your pool, hot tub or spa in accordance with applicable local codes and the latest version of the National Electrical Code.
• Get out of the water when you see lightning or hear thunder, even if it’s not raining. Because lightning can travel sideways for 10 or so miles, blue skies are not a sign of safety. If you hear thunder, take cover.  

Wrong.

A portable generator is a serious piece of equipment, and buying the incorrect one for your emergency power needs can damage it – plus overload your home’s wiring, hurt your appliances, potentially harm your family and even endanger the lives of line workers trying to restore power in your area. So, before you need a portable generator, do a little research and figure out the best one for your needs – and have a licensed electrician connect it directly to your home’s electrical service panel through a permanent transfer switch that isolates individual circuits in your home from the co-op’s power lines.

Consider these tips when you go shopping for a generator

Before you go to the store, make a list (or draw a map) of the lights, appliances and other things – and their circuits – you’ll want to power during an outage. Be sure to list medical equipment too, even if the devices have battery-backup systems.

Portable generators are rated in maximum watts and continuous watts, and your local dealer should have a wattage calculator to help you decide what size generator you need. Unless you just want to power the bare necessities – a few lights or the refrigerator – start your search with units rated at 5,000 watts or above.

Here are some other generator features to consider:

• Cart (or frame) with wheels. A generator is heavy – often 200 pounds or more – and you’ll soon tire of needing to find another person to help you move it.
• Electric starting. In bad weather, you’ll appreciate the convenience. Make sure the battery for starting the generator is included.
• Emergency shutoff. If the engine oil gets low or there’s another malfunction, the unit will turn itself off.
• GFCI protection. The generator should include a ground fault circuit interrupter on every outlet.
• Fuel gauge. Without one, you’ll have to shut down the generator to check the fuel level in the tank.
• Inverter technology. This ensures high-quality, “clean” power that won’t damage computers and other devices with sensitive electronics.
• Low noise level. You know how loud small gasoline engines can be, so imagine listening to one run for hours on end. Look for the lowest decibel rating – in the 70s or lower, if possible.
• Automatic throttle. The engine speed will adjust itself to the load, reducing fuel use.

When you plug in a generator, line workers’ lives are at risk

When a storm hits your area, your co-op’s linemen rush to your aid as soon as weather conditions allow them to travel and make repairs safely. On location, line crews always take the necessary safety precautions before they work on a damaged or downed power line.

They start by verifying other crews are not working on the same circuit. Then they visually inspect to make sure the circuit has been opened and tagged to isolate it – and use a voltage detection device to ensure the circuit is de-energized. In addition, they place personal protective grounds on the circuit to make sure the line immediately will be de-energized should the circuit accidently be energized while work is in progress.

But even after taking these measures, our workers’ lives remain in your hands. We’re proud of our outstanding safety record, but sometimes – no matter how many steps we take to keep everyone safe – the very people we’re there to help unknowingly put our lives (and theirs) in danger.

Did you know that the portable generators you and your neighbors use when the power is out could prove fatal to line workers and other members in your area when used improperly? A generator connected directly to a home’s wiring or plugged into a regular household outlet can cause back-feeding through the transformer on the pole and along a power line  – and electrocute anyone who comes into contact with it, even if the line seems dead and is laying on the ground. A transfer switch will prevent that from happening.

Follow these guidelines when using a portable generator

Co-op employees aren’t the only ones in danger when a portable generator is used improperly. You may be at risk of electrocution, fire injury, property damage or carbon monoxide poisoning if you don’t follow the safety instructions that came with your unit.

Keep these things in mind when using a portable generator:

• Read the manufacturer’s instructions and learn how to operate and shut off a new generator before you need to use it. If you already own a generator, check to see if it’s been recalled for a safety issue on the website of the Consumer Product Safety Commission at www.cpsc.gov – or call the agency’s Hotline at 800-638-2772.
• A generator quickly can produce high levels of deadly carbon monoxide gas, so locate it at least 15 or 20 feet from the house to prevent fumes from seeping inside. Make sure windows and doors near the generator are tightly closed, and test your home’s carbon monoxide alarm before firing up your generator.
• Only use heavy-duty, grounded, outdoor-rated extension cords that are in good shape and rated for a load greater than the total wattage of all connected appliances and other devices (125 volts x amps = watts). All plugs should have three prongs, and make sure your generator is properly grounded too.
• Never overload the generator. A portable generator only should be used when necessary to power essential equipment or appliances.
• Keep children and pets away from the generator when it’s running.
• Keep the generator dry, and don’t operate it indoors or in an enclosed or partially enclosed area such as a garage or porch.
• Practice power management. For example, when the power is out for several hours or longer, use the generator to run the refrigerator every few hours so food won’t spoil – instead of just powering lights in your home all day long.
• Give your generator several breaks during the day. Most portable generators aren’t designed to run 24/7, so shut down your unit several times a day to let it cool down.
• Always switch the engine off and allow it to cool before adding fuel in a well-ventilated area. Take care not to contaminate the fuel tank with dirt or water. Also check the oil every time you add gas.
• Turn off the generator’s circuit breaker before starting, so the load doesn’t draw current until the generator is running smoothly. Turn off the breaker before stopping the generator.
• Test the ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) on the generator every time you fire up the engine.
• Always keep a fully charged fire extinguisher near the generator, and never add fuel while it’s running.

• Take time out from your party preparations to test your smoke and carbon monoxide alarms. Be sure to share your family fire escape plan with overnight guests as soon as they arrive.
• If your home already hasn’t been childproofed, install tamper-resistant receptacles or use safety covers on all unused electrical outlets to prevent electrical shocks and burns.
• Make sure children are supervised at all times – especially in the kitchen and anywhere space heaters, candles or fireplaces are being used.
• Keep young children (and pets) away from decorations and extension cords.
• To avoid overheating and tripping hazards, don’t place power or extension cords in high-traffic areas or under carpets, rugs or furniture – and never nail or staple cords to the wall or baseboard.
• Avoid putting lights, ornaments, metal hooks and other small, mouth-sized decorations near the ground or on the lower limbs of your Christmas tree, where an infant or young child easily could reach them.
• Put decorations, gifts and other combustibles at least 3 feet from curious hands.
• Install safety gates at both ends of stairways.
• Consider using battery-operated LED lights in indoor areas where children play.
• Hide small, shiny items – such as buttons, coins and jewelry – that could pose a choking hazard.
• Keep drinks (and other liquids), away from electrical devices. Spills can result in dangerous shocks or fires.
• Outside, keep all extension cords and light strings clear of snow, standing water and areas where kids will play.
• Make sure all toys are age appropriate and read all labels and instructions before letting visiting children play with them.
• Keep candles, matches and lighters out of the reach of children. Better yet, don’t use them unless absolutely necessary.
• Turn off and unplug all decorations before leaving home or turning in for the night.

Here’s a special list of tips for the kitchen

• Move cleaning products, knives and other dangerous items out of the sight and reach of children, or store them in a locked area.
• Never leave cooking equipment unattended.
• Never leave the kitchen when something’s cooking; a fire or accident can happen in an instant.
• Closely supervise children, keeping them at least 3 feet away from cooking appliances.
• Don’t hold a child as you remove food from the cooktop, stove or microwave.
• To protect kids from spills and burns, use the back burners and turn the pot handles in, away from young, reaching hands.
• Once your holiday meal is ready, check that the stove and oven are turned off and that other kitchen appliances are unplugged and out of reach.
• Keep a fire extinguisher handy (and know how to use it).

Keep safety in mind when buying toys too

• Don’t buy an electrical toy (or any toy) for a child too young to safely use it. Always check the age recommendation on the package, and remember that this is a minimum age recommendation. You still should take into account your child’s capabilities.
• Never give any child under 10 years old a toy that must be plugged into an electrical outlet. Instead, choose toys that are battery operated.
• Make sure all electrical toys bear a fire safety label from an independent testing laboratory such as UL (Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.).
• An adult should supervise the use of any electrical product. Consider both the maturity of the child and the nature of the toy when deciding how much supervision is required.
• Electric-powered toys and other devices can be extremely hazardous if improperly used, so read the instruction manual and share operational tips with children.
• Inspect all electrical toys periodically. Repair, replace or discard broken or deteriorating toys.
• Prevent play with electrical toys near water, and make sure kids understand that water and electricity don’t mix.
• Put away all electrical toys immediately after playtime is over – in a dry storage area out of the reach of younger children.
• If kids are old enough to handle plugging in a charger for toys (or a cell phone or tablet), review the product’s safety tips and usage instructions with them. Also remind them to unplug the charger when it’s not in use, to save energy.
• Check for product recalls on the website of the Consumer Product Safety Commission: www.cpsc.gov.
• Visit www.holidaysafety.org for more information on toy safety.

Currently, cyber attacks are one of many risks electric utilities have to manage, but the threat to sensitive data and financial accounts is larger than it is to the physical grid itself. Every year, cybercrime costs the U.S. billions of dollars. For electric cooperatives, the average cyber insurance claim costs $733,000 according to Bill West, vice president of underwriting at Federated Rural Electric Insurance Exchange.

While there are examples of cyber attacks on utility systems, they’re rare. A December 2015 cyber attack on distribution control systems in Ukraine led to an outage that affected 225,000 customers. In that case, electricity was restored within 3 to 6 hours by manually operating switches. Some computer firmware was permanently damaged, but there was no damage to generation equipment.

To protect against malicious hackers, electric cooperatives are implementing defensive strategies including penetration testing, staff training, application whitelisting and investing in innovative research and development.

Penetration testing involves paying a third party to hack your network from the outside. Penetration testers provide a report of the exploits they used to show a utility the areas it needs to improve. The goal is to find weaknesses that are visible to attackers and to patch them before malicious hackers discover them.  

Electric co-ops are also investing in staff training to teach employees how to recognize threats. According to Damon Drake, cyber security engineer at Seminole Electric Cooperative, “Technology is only about 10 percent of the protection, because it’s only as good as the people behind it.” Often hackers will target people rather than systems through phishing – e-mails designed to make you click a link – or social engineering, which manipulates people into clicking a link, visiting a specific web page or sharing confidential information.

Another emerging strategy is application whitelisting. This is best understood as the reverse of blacklisting, which is how many spam filters and anti-virus programs maintain a list of all malicious programs and block them when they appear. In whitelisting, only programs on an approved list are allowed to run.

Lastly, electric co-ops are investing in innovative research. The U.S. Department of Energy is providing support in a $15 million, 3-year partnership with the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) and the American Public Power Association. NRECA will use its $7.5 million share to make cutting-edge cyber security expertise and technology more accessible to the co-op community.   

Protect your personal information online

While electric co-ops are taking steps to protect their network, there are several steps you can take to avoid becoming a cybercrime statistic. Above all, exercise good judgment!

• Don’t give out secure or confidential information to anyone you don’t know – or whose identity you can’t verify – online or on the phone.
• Keep your computer software up to date. 
• Think before clicking any links or opening attachments in an e-mail. Many viruses can “spoof” the return address, making it look like the message came from someone you know. If you can, check with the person who supposedly sent the message to make sure it’s legitimate before opening any attachments. If an e-mail link or attachment seems suspicious, don’t open it.
• Use strong passwords or passphrases with a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, characters – and don’t reuse the same password for multiple sites. If a site is compromised, that password is compromised, and any other sites that use that same password are vulnerable as well. Consider investing in a password manager that keeps track of your passwords or automatically generates a new password every time you need one.
• Be careful using any public Wi-Fi network, because it’s easy for someone sitting near you to monitor your online activities.  Logging into your bank account or other sensitive sites from an open Wi-Fi network can compromise your security.
• Find more ways to protect yourself against cyber attacks on the website of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security at www.dhs.gov/cybersecurity-publications.  

• Your co-op would never contact a member by phone and ask for an account number. If someone calls you out-of-the-blue asking for sensitive information – numbers for your co-op account, Social Security, credit card or bank account – hang up and call the co-op to verify the call. Don’t use a phone number supplied by the possible scammer; look up the co-op’s number on a utility bill or the co-op's website.

• Do not accept offers from anyone – including people claiming to be co-op employees – to pay your bill or provide any other service for a fee. 

• If your account is delinquent, you will receive written notifications several weeks prior to disconnection – never just a single phone call threatening immediate disconnection.

Iowa law requires specific clearances for electric lines around grain bins, with different standards for those filled by portable augers, conveyors and elevators and permanent equipment. In fact, the Iowa Electrical Safety Code found in Iowa Administrative Code Chapter 199 – 25.2(3) b states: An electric utility may refuse to provide electric service to any grain bin built near an existing electric line which does not provide the clearances required by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) C2-2007 “National Electrical Safety Code,” Rule 234F. This paragraph “b” shall apply only to grain bins loaded by portable augers, conveyors or elevators and built after September 9, 1992, or to grain bins loaded by permanently installed augers, conveyors or elevators installed after December 24, 1997. This language has been adopted by the Iowa Utilities Board.

Your local electric cooperative is required by the Iowa Utilities Board to provide this annual notice to farmers, farm lenders, grain bin merchants and city and county zoning officials. The drawings on this page show the specific clearances required by the code, but your co-op’s policies may be more restrictive. If you have any questions concerning these clearance regulations – or what needs to be done before you begin placing a new grain bin or moving an existing one – please call your electric co-op for help.

• Never step into a flooded basement or other room if water may be in contact with electrical outlets, appliances or cords. Be alert to any electrical equipment that could be energized and in contact with water.
• Don’t try to turn off power at the breaker panel or fuse box if you must stand in water to do so. If you can’t reach your breaker panel or fuse box safely, call your electric cooperative to shut off power at the meter.
• Avoid using electric appliances or touching electric wires, switches or fuses when you’re wet or standing in water.
• Keep electric tools and equipment at least 10 feet away from wet surfaces.
• Look for signs that your appliances have gotten wet. Call a service technician to check your appliances before using them, because appliances that have been wet pose electric shock and fire hazards.
• Throw out wet room-sized carpets, drapes, upholstered furniture, stuffed toys, ceiling tiles and anything that can’t be restored by dry cleaning or steam cleaning – or put in a washing machine or dryer. Microorganisms can grow in these water-damaged products and cause allergic reactions and infections.
• Discard mattresses, wicker furniture, straw baskets and the like that have been water damaged. Washing or cleaning cannot recover these items. Get rid of medicines that have gotten wet; dirty water may have affected the integrity of the medicines.
• Remove and replace wet insulation to prevent conditions where biological pollutants can grow.

The Electrical Safety Foundation International invites you to help make this holiday season a memorable one by making safety a priority. Here are some simple steps that you can take to keep your family and home safe this year.

Brighten your home the safe way

• If you bought new decorations this year, send all warranty and product registration forms to manufacturers. That way, they can notify you promptly in case of a safety recall.
• Before you begin putting up decorations, read and follow the manufacturer’s instructions concerning installation and maintenance.
• Inspect your older decorations – even ones that are only a year old – before plugging them into an outlet. Frayed or bare wires, cracked light sockets and loose connections may cause a serious electric shock or start a fire.
• Be careful not to mount or hang light strands in any way that might damage the cord’s insulation. Never nail or staple light strings or extension cords.
• Connect a maximum of three light strands together.
• Run light and extension cords from the tree to an outlet that’s not in the normal traffic pattern, but allow yourself enough room to easily unplug them.
• To avoid overheating extension cords, don’t run them under furniture or carpeting.
• Unplug electrical decorations before replacing lightbulbs or fuses.
• Turn off lights and other decorations when you leave the room or go to bed.

Understand the risks of christmas trees 

• When selecting a tree, check for freshness to minimize the fire hazard caused by dry needles.
• Right before you put up the tree, lower the risk of an electrical fire by cutting an inch or so from the base of the trunk so it readily can absorb water.
• Check the water level in the stand daily.
• Never use electric lights on a metallic tree.
• Whether it’s artificial or freshly cut, position your tree at least three feet from all sources of heat.
• Be sure that smoke detectors are installed in your home, and use the holidays as an excuse to change their batteries.

Respect electricity outdoors

• Before using electrical products outdoors, make sure the product is approved and marked “for outdoor use.”
• Make sure electrical and extension cords are in good condition. Cracking and fraying are signs that a cord needs to be replaced.
• Protect all outdoor extension cords and light strands from the elements, and keep them clear of snow, ice and standing water.
• For electric shock protection, plug outdoor lights and electric decorations into circuits protected by a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI). You can buy a portable GFCI if your home’s outdoor outlets are unprotected.
• Don’t place extension cords across sidewalks, driveways or other high-traffic areas.
• Always stay at least 10 feet from power lines or other electric co-op equipment, especially if using a ladder.

Prevent electrical fires in your kitchen 

• To be electrically safe while you’re cooking, keep an eye on what you’re doing. Ranges and ovens are the leading location for home fires.
• Never leave a child unsupervised while cooking or when a cooktop is within reach. Unattended cooking is one of the primary causes of home fires during the holidays.
• Make sure you have a fire extinguisher in or near the kitchen and that it is quickly and easily accessible.

Pretend you’re a kid!

• Get on your hands and knees, and survey the world from a child’s perspective. Look for and eliminate potential danger spots near candles, fireplaces and electrical outlets.
• Avoid putting tree lights, ornaments and other small “mouth-size” decorations on the lower limbs of a Christmas tree where a child easily can reach them.
• Keep young children away from all power and extension cords. Besides being in danger from a shock, a child can choke on as little as 12 inches of cord.
• When visiting friends and relatives, remember that their homes may not be childproofed. Look around to make sure there are no obvious hazards to your child.
• To prevent both burns and electrical shocks, don’t give young children a toy that must be plugged into an electrical outlet. Instead, buy toys that are battery-operated.

Help pets understand 

• Your four-legged family member is apt to make a toy out of just about anything in and around your home, so get a pet’s-eye-view of your Christmas tree, wrapped gifts and decorations. Anything that’s within reach (or a quick jump) is a potential plaything, so try to eliminate these distractions from pets.
• The same frayed electrical cord that delivers an electrical shock to an adult may have enough voltage to kill a dog or cat. As a result, keep electrical cords away from puppies and kittens so they don’t chew on them. If you have difficulty getting your pet to stop chewing on a cord, paint it with a bitter-tasting polish or wrap the cord in a thick plastic sleeve.
• Avoid putting small and breakable ornaments, metal hooks and ornaments that look like food on the lower limbs of the tree.

 
Play it safe after the holidays

• Holiday electrical decorations are meant for temporary use. During the first week of January, take down, inspect and store all decorations for next season.
• Use the gripping area of the plug when unplugging lights and other decorations. Yanking or tugging on the cord can damage the wires and insulation, possibly leading to an electrical shock or fire.
• Separate and label indoor decorations from outdoor ones.
• Discard broken or faulty lights.
• Store decorations away from children, pets and water.
• Post-holiday sales are a great time to buy lights and other electrical decorations certified by a recognized, independent testing laboratory such as underwriters Laboratory (uL). Look for energy- saving LED lights that save up to 80 percent of the electricity used by the standard ones you’re replacing.
• Don’t use holiday decorations year-round; many are designed only to be used a couple of months a year.

Even the simple task of pounding a stake into the ground or digging a hole for a fencepost can be detrimental to un- derground water, sewer, cable TV, phone, gas or electric lines.

Of course, if your land- scaping plans are more ambitious and you’re moving into the exca- vation mode, Iowa law requires that you contact Iowa One Call to locate and mark underground utilities 48 hours prior to digging – excluding weekends and legal holidays. (State law defines “excavation” as an operation in which a structure or earth, rock or other material in or on the ground is moved, removed, com- pressed or otherwise displaced by means of any tools or equipment. This includes, but is not limited to, digging, drilling, driving, grading, scraping, trenching, tiling, tunneling, ditching and demoli- tion of structures.)

There is no charge to you for the Iowa One Call service, which will locate and mark underground facilities with colored flags and paint markings to indicate where you should avoid digging. On the other hand, failing to call and breaking the “One-Call Law” can be expensive. If you don’t notify Iowa One Call prior to excavating, you may be subject to civil penalties ranging from $1,000 to $10,000 per violation, with a maximum as high as $500,000 per incident. What typically accounts for such extreme financial liabilities are the costs of lost product such as natural gas, repair to damaged facilities and environmental clean-up operations mandated by the Environmental Protection Agency.

• If you see a downed power line, move away from the line and anything touching it. Call 911 or your electric cooperative for help.
• The proper way to move away from the line is to shuffle away with small steps, keeping your feet together and on the ground at all times. This will minimize the potential for a strong electric shock. Electricity wants to move from a high-voltage zone to a low-voltage zone – and it could do that through your body.
• If you see someone who is in direct contact with – or even close to – a downed line, don’t touch the person. You could become the next victim. Call 911 instead.
• Don’t attempt to move a downed power line or anything (or anyone) in contact with the line by using another object such as a broom or stick. Even nonconduc- tive materials such as wood, cloth or rope – if slightly wet – can conduct enough electricity to electrocute you.
• Be careful not to put your feet near water where a downed power line is located.
• Do not drive over a downed power line.
• If you’re in your car and it’s in contact with a downed power line, stay in your car. Honk your horn for help, and tell others to stay away from your vehicle.
• If you must leave your car because it’s on fire, jump out of the vehicle with both feet together and avoid contact with the car and the ground at the same time. This way you avoid being the path of electricity from the car to the earth. Shuffle away from the car.

All of these facts add up to one thing: Time is your family’s enemy if there’s a fire in your home, so it’s important to have as much warning as possible for everyone to get out safely – using an escape plan that everyone has practiced. 

That’s why it’s so important to have working smoke alarms in your home. Since the batteries last about a year, make it a habit to change them every fall, when you turn back your clocks. (The only exception is for smoke alarms that contain “lifetime” or special long-lasting batteries.) 

Here are some other things to keep in mind about smoke alarms: 

• Test each smoke alarm monthly by pushing the unit’s test button. If there’s no chirp or warning, try changing the battery; if that doesn’t work, buy a new alarm. 
• When smoke alarms fail to operate, it’s usually because batteries are missing, disconnected or dead. Almost one-quarter of smoke alarm failures are due to dead batteries. 
• Gently vacuum the exterior of all smoke alarms monthly – or follow the manufacturer’s instructions for cleaning them. 
• The sensors in smoke alarms may not work correctly after 7 to 10 years, so replace the alarms before they fail – based on the manufacturers’ recommendations. 

If you only have one type of smoke and fire alarm in your home, your family may not be well-protected against fires. In fact, a very small percentage of major residential fires are smoldering fires – the type that trigger photoelectric smoke detectors first. The majority of home fires are flaming fires – which set off ionization smoke detectors first. The best solution – one that’s been required in new construction and for replacement in existing homes by Iowa law since April 1, 2010 – is to install dual-sensor alarms that use both technologies. 

If the smoke alarms in your home meet all the manufacturer’s recommendations, you’re not required to immediately replace them with dualsensor  detectors. However, when you have a detector that needs to bereplaced, you must install a dualsensor unit. For more information, go to the State Fire Marshal Division website at www.dps.state.ia.us/fm/ or call 515-725-6145.

Measure clearances. Planning to transport equipment? Make sure you have ample clearance – at least 10 feet – between power lines and your combines, grain augers, pickers, bailers and front-end loaders. Keep in mind that uneven ground and shifting soil conditions could put you in harm’s way. 

Watch the road. Look all around as you move farm equipment. Overhead power lines crossing roads on the farm should be at least 18½ feet from the ground to make sure combines, tillage and harvesting equipment, and tractors don’t touch the lines and put your life in danger. If a line seems low, contact your local electric cooperative for assistance. 

In the meantime, plan your route. Plan ahead to harvest safely between fields, to bins and elevators, and on public roads to avoid lowhanging power lines. If someone else transports large equipment for you, always provide a safe route and explain why it must be taken. 

Steer clear of power lines. Portable grain augers, oversized wagons, combines and other tall or cumbersome equipment can come in contact with overhead power lines, creating an electrocution threat to the operator and people on the ground nearby. Always lower a portable grain auger or elevator before you move it, even if only a few feet. As a general rule of thumb, keep all objects at least 10 feet away from overhead lines. 

Be extra careful when working around trees and brush; they often make it difficult to see power lines. 

Think – then act.  If equipment gets hung up on a power line, don’t get off the machine unless there’s a fire or another immediate danger. If you touch the
ground and the equipment at the same time, you can become a deadly channel for electricity. 

If you must get off the equipment, jump clear of the vehicle and, keeping your feet close together, hop away. Then call your electric co-op to report the problem. Don’t touch any machine connected to a power line, and keep others away until your electric co-op disconnects the line. 

Fire is the third leading cause of accidental deaths in the U.S. A residential fire occurs every 82 seconds in this country, and once burning, the size of a fire doubles every 30 seconds. Share these safety tips with your son or daughter: 

• On move-in day, check posted escape routes and walk through them so they become second nature – even if fire drills are scheduled later in the week. Also look for a secondary escape route in case the primary one is blocked by fire.
• Put a small, bright LED flashlight within easy reach to take with you if you need to leave while the power’s out. 
• At the first sign or smell of a fire in your building, evacuate immediately. Don’t try to act bravely by hanging around your room or making an effort to put the fire out. 
• Get out as fast as you can; if possible, quickly grab your flashlight and wallet or purse on your way out the door – but don’t let searching for these items slow your exit from the building. 
• Never exit a door if it feels hot to the touch, because flames likely are on the other side. 

Focus on fire prevention.  In a college dormitory, everyone must help make the dwelling a safer place. Here are a few easy ways your student can help prevent a fire caused by electrical hazards: 

• Look for the UL mark on all products. It means samples of the product have been tested for safety. 
• Check plugs and cords on appliances, lamps and other devices to make sure they’re not worn or frayed. 
• Make sure outlets aren’t overloaded with too many plugs. 
• Use a surge strip to cut power to the computer, battery chargers, entertainment equipment and other electrical items before leaving the room. 
• Never run electrical wires or extension cords under carpets or furniture.
• Don’t bunch up wires behind a hot appliance. 
• Unplug appliances when they’re not being used. 

Because of the high risk of fire, many colleges and universities ban small appliances with open heating elements such as hotplates, toasters and toaster-ovens – as well as lamps with halogen bulbs. However, small refrigerators and microwave ovens often are allowed.

Without regular monthly testing, you can’t confirm that a GFCI outlet is providing the protection you expect, unless you installed a new lockout-style GFCI during the past few years. This type of GFCI includes special circuitry that prevents it from resetting if it’s not operating properly or the outlet is wired incorrectly – and power won’t be available until the problem is fixed. Many lockout GFCIs also include a small indicator light to let you know when the device is functioning normally. Safety Matters When was the last time you tested your GFCIs? 

No matter what type of GFCI you have, it’s important to test it monthly. Checking a standard GFCI takes less than a minute and may save your life. 

• First, plug a lamp or radio into the GFCI, and turn the lamp or radio on. 
• Press the TEST button on the GFCI; the lamp or radio should go off. 
• Press the RESET button on the GFCI; the lamp or radio should come back on. 
• If the lamp or radio doesn’t go off when you push the TEST button, the GFCI isn’t working properly and should be replaced. 

If you have a GFCI with the lockout feature, the test procedure is the same – except for the last step. If the lamp or radio doesn’t go on when you push the RESET button, the lockout GFCI isn’t working properly and should be replaced.

• Stay away from trees. 
• Don’t hold metal items such as bats, golf clubs, fishing rods, tennis rackets or tools.
• Stay away from metal sheds, clotheslines, poles and fences.
• Avoid water, including pools, lakes and puddles – and anything damp, such as grass.
• Don’t stand close to other people. Spread out.

Is there any sort of warning before lightning strikes? Not necessarily – but if you feel a tingling sensation or your hair stands on end, lightning may be about to strike. Don’t lie down; instead, crouch down, tuck your head and cover your ears. 

Are you safe from lightning if you stay inside the house? Follow these indoor safety tips: 

• Stay away from windows, doors and skylights. 
• Unplug electronic equipment before the storm arrives. But avoid contact with electrical equipment and cords during storms. 
• Don’t touch water and plumbing fixtures, including sinks, bathtubs, toilets or faucets. 

Can you talk on the telephone during an electrical storm? Use a corded telephone only in an emergency. However, it’s okay to use cordless or cellular phones inside. Is it okay to leave a dog outside during a lightning storm? Doghouses are not lightning-safe, and chained animals easily can become victims of lightning strikes. Bring your pets inside to protect them.

Across the country, thefts of copper, aluminum and bronze are on the rise at abandoned commercial buildings, construction sites, empty homes and – most dangerously – power lines along rural roads and electric co-op power substations near neighborhoods.  In some cases, thieves are putting their lives on the line to steal just a few dollars' worth of wire.  

Copper theft threatens electric reliability, safety and lives.  Many law enforcement officials believe that methamphetamine users are responsible for much of the problem. And these aren’t victimless crimes: The damage done to the electric power transmission system can pack a big punch, since electric utility equipment can be ruined without the protection copper wires provide. 

Copper wire is important to your co-op.  Your electric cooperative uses copper to ground equipment, protecting it from electrical surges and lightning by giving electricity a safe path to ground. It also uses a lot of copper wire in substations, where high-voltage electricity arriving from distant power plants is stepped down before it travels to your neighborhood. Then another transformer near your home – mounted either on a utility pole or in a green box on the ground – lowers the voltage again so you can use the power at home.

Copper is an essential component every step of the way. Your co-op’s linemen are highly trained professionals who understand the dangers of working with electricity and take proper safety precautions. To protect the public, the co-op surrounds its substations with secure fencing and posts warnin signs.

On the other hand, when “in-service” copper is removed or stolen, it can create a potentially deadly hazard to the public and the co-op workers who are called to investigate and/or replace the lost wires. Missing ground wires, for example, can energize various system components that normally aren’t energized. “Electricity can be a silent killer, similar to carbon monoxide,” says Jeremy Wilcox, operations manager for Southern Iowa Electric Cooperative, Inc., in Bloomfield. “The danger may be there, and you will not know it until it is too late.” 

Thieves want to sell the metal for scrap To a would-be thief, stealing copper wire appears to be a quick way to make a buck. Soaring metal prices – and the perception that metal theft is a quick, easy and harmless crime – likely are responsible an increase in thefts of copper and aluminum, primary components of electric distribution lines. 

Needless to say, a 542 percent increase in the price of copper since 2001 has prompted thieves to become bolder and more inventive. Burglars often climb power poles, scale or cut fences, and break into buildings to steal the precious metals. 

But the problems go far beyond just the theft of materials. Recent thefts of copper wire and equipment from electric utilities have been responsible forpower outages, additional maintenance and expenses, diminished service reliability and, in some cases, serious injury or death. For example, at an electric co-op in Oklahoma last year, metal thieves took off with about $100 worth of wire from a substation – but left behind a $1 million repair bill after a fire destroyed regulators, switches and a $600,000 transformer. More than 3,500 co-op members temporarily were left in the dark after the incident, although the
co-op moved quickly to reroute power to the affected areas. 

In New Mexico, a man was found dead beneath a power pole, electrocuted while trying to cut copper wiring from a live transformer. A Texas perpetrator lost his life when he cut into a live power line while trying to steal copper wire. Similar metal theft related deaths have been reported in North Carolina, West Virginia, Illinois and Ohio. 

What’s the solution? Stolen wire usually is taken to recycling centers and traded for cash. Although many state laws require recycling centers to keep records of transactions, enforcement can be difficult. Some electric cooperatives stamp copper and aluminum wire with an ID number to deter theft; without identifying marks, stolen wire is hard to track and rarely is recovered. 

You can help prevent these thefts.

• If you notice anything unusual around co-op facilities such as an open substation gate, open equipment cabinet or hanging wire, immediately call your electric cooperative. If you see anyone other than co-op personnel or contractors around substations or other electric co-op facilities, call the police.
• Install motion-sensor lights and/or video surveillance systems on the outside of your house and business to deter possible thieves. 
• Post “No Trespassing” or security system signs around your property. 
• Eliminate easy access points to buildings and roofs, such as trees, ladders, scaffolding, dumpsters,
  and stacks of firewood or construction materials. 
• Store tools and wire cutters in a secure location whenever you’re not using them. 
• If you work in construction, don’t leave wires or plumbing unattended or leave loose wire at the job site, especially overnight.  

• Never operate a heater you suspect is damaged. Before every use, inspect the heater, cord and plug for damage. Follow all operation and maintenance instructions.
• Visit www.cpsc.gov or www.recalls.gov to see if your electric heater has been recalled. If it has, stop using it and follow the manufacturer’s directions for repair or replacement. 
• Never leave the heater operating while unattended – or while you are sleeping. 
• Keep combustible materials such as beds, sofas, curtains, papers and clothes at least three feet from the front, sides and back of the heater.
• Be sure the heater plug fits tightly into the wall outlet. If it doesn’t, use another outlet to power the heater.
• During use, frequently check to determine if the heater’s plug or cord – or the wall outlet – is hot. If any of them are, immediately discontinue use of the heater. If the cord or plug is hot, replace the heater or have it inspected and repaired by an authorized repair person. If the outlet is hot, call an electrician to check and/or replace the wall outlet.
• Don’t power the heater with an extension cord or power strip.
• Ensure that the heater is placed on a stable, level surface and is located where it cannot be knocked over.
• Never run the heater’s cord under rugs or carpeting. This can damage the cord, causing it and nearby objects to burn.
• To prevent electrical shocks and electrocutions, always keep electric heaters away from water – and never touch an electric heater if you are wet.

• If you see a downed power line, move away from the line and anything touching it. Immediately call 911 or your electric cooperative for help. 
• The proper way to move away from the line is to shuffle away with small steps, keeping your feet together and on the ground at all times. This will minimize the potential for a strong electric shock. Electricity wants to move from a high-voltage zone to a low-voltage zone – and it could do that through your body. 
• If you see someone who’s in directcontact with – or even close to – a downed line, don’t touch the person. You could become the next victim. Call 911 instead. 
• Don’t attempt to move a downed power line or anything (or anyone) in contact with the line by using another object such as a broom or stick. Even slightly wet nonconductive materials such as wood, cloth or rope can conduct enough electricity to electrocute you. 
• Be careful not to put your feet near water where a downed power line is located. 
• Don’t drive over a downed power line. If you’re in your car and it’s in contact with a downed power line, stay in your car. Honk your horn for help, and tell others to stay away from your vehicle. 
• If you must leave your car because it’s on fire, jump out of the vehicle with both feet together and avoid contact with the car and the ground at the same time to avoid being the path of electricity from the car to the earth. Then shuffle away from  the car.

The transfer switch prevents the generator’s power from back-feeding through the utility lines where it can injure or even electrocute co-op workers repairing damaged lines. The switch also stops electrical current produced by the generator from causing a short circuit in your normal house current when power is restored. 

Keep these things in mind when using a portable generator. 

• Read the manufacturer’s instructions and learn how to operate and shut off your generator before you need to use it. 
• Make sure the extension cord you use is in good shape and rated for a load greater than the total wattage of all connected appliances and other devices. The formula is: 125 volts x amps = watts. 
• Keep the generator dry, and don’t operate it indoors or in an enclosed or partially enclosed area such as a garage or porch. Generators quickly can produce high levels of deadly carbon monoxide gas. 
• Keep children and pets away from the generator when it’s running. 
• Practice good power management. For example, when the power is out for several hours or longer, use the generator to run the refrigerator every few hours so food won’t spoil – instead of just powering lights in your home all day long. 
• Give your generator several breaks during the day. Most portable generators aren’t designed to run 24/7, so shut down your unit several times a day to let it cool down. 
• Always switch the engine off and allow it to cool before adding fuel in a well-ventilated area. Take care not to contaminate the fuel tank with dirt or water. Turn off the generator’s circuit breaker before starting, so the load doesn’t draw current until the generator is running smoothly.
• Turn off the breaker before stopping the generator. 
• Test the ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) on the generator every time you fire up the engine. 

“The majority of our storm outages are related to trees contacting power lines,” says Dennis Corcoran, director of safety and loss control for the Iowa Association of Electric Cooperatives. “Regular trimming of trees and brush along power lines helps cut down on the number of power interruptions.” 

Electricity outages can occur when branches break and fall across power lines or when trees tumble onto power lines. When strong winds blow, limbs growing too close to power lines may sway and touch wires. These momentary power disruptions or “blinks” aren’t just mild annoyances – they can damage computers and other sensitive electronic equipment and leave digital clocks flashing. And then there’s arcing – when electricity uses a nearby tree as a path to the ground – which poses a hazard to anyone in the vicinity and could spark a fire. 

The co-ops wage a never-ending war. Line crews and contractors hired by the co-ops look for foliage and trees growing under or into the power lines, overhanging branches and problem trees that could pull down a power line if they fall. As a rule of thumb, 25 feet of ground-to-sky clearance should be available on each side of utility poles to give power lines plenty of space. 

“Your local electric co-op is committed to providing safe, reliable and affordable power, and its vegetation management and tree-trimming programs are key to fulfilling that promise,” says Corcoran. “This job never ends. By the time our crews finishclearing trees and brush from hundreds of miles of lines, it’s often time to go back to the beginning to clear away new growth.” 

The North American Electric Reliability Corporation, which oversees reliability of the transmission system that blankets the United States, most of Canada and one Mexican state, tracks power-supply-related outages. The group says vegetation management programs have met with widespread success; for the first time ever, no summertime transmission outages were reported last year. 

Typically, a co-op will not remove trees. “The Tree Care Industry Association receives a lot of calls from homeowners complaining that their utility company ‘drastically’ cut trees near power lines,” says Tchukki Andersen, staff arborist for the organization. 

Your electric co-op respects your property and decides how to trim a tree based on the amount of clearance needed around wires, voltage coursing through the lines, the tree’s growth rate and how frequently trimming along the line is performed. Most line workers and crews hired to perform tree trimming treat trees with care, often following Tree Care Industry Association guidelines. 

For mature trees that have grown too close to overhead lines, several trimming options are employed. A V-cut prunes branches back toward the center of the tree’s crown, basically carving a V-shape through the middle to provide proper line clearance. 

If limbs grow too close to lines on one side of a tree, side trimming may be used to remove branches on the offending side. Finally, the notch method clips limbs on one side of a tree from the top to a safe area underneath, leaving a canopy that won’t cause any problems. 

You can contribute to electric reliability and safety too. Trees are a valued part of every yard’s landscaping, and with proper planning your trees can grow to their full potential without causing power line woes. Several guides are available for prospective planters; to learn more visit the Arbor Day Foundation Web site at www.arborday.org. 

In general, don’t place tall-growing trees or varieties boasting wide canopies near utility poles. A local nursery can give you information outlining how tall and quickly a tree will grow. 

Your utility’s right-of-way trimming practices play a big role in safety too. Children climbing trees could come into contact with a live wire if trees are too close to power lines. Notice any dead, dying or severely leaning trees near power lines in your area? Be sure to alert your local electric cooperative. And if you want to remove a tree near a power line, your co-op will be happy to work with you. Please contact the office before tackling the project. 

• Before decorating, read and follow the manufacturers’ instructions concerning installation and maintenance of all decorative electrical products.
• Use lights and other electrical decorations certified by a recognized independent testing laboratory such as UL, CSA or ETL.
• Outdoors, use lights and other electrical decorations certified for outdoor use.
• Carefully inspect each decoration before plugging into an outlet. Cracked, frayed, loose or bare wires – as well as loose connections – may cause electrical shock or start a fire. Replace damaged items.
• Always unplug electrical decorations before replacing lightbulbs or fuses.
• Mount or support light strings with hardware designed for the job. Nails, staples and screws can damage a cord’s insulation.
• Unless the manufacturer says you can, never connect more than three light string sets together – unless they're LED light strings.
• Light strings with screw-in bulbs should have no more than 50 bulbs connected together, unless you’re using LED-style bulbs. Check the manufacturer’s instructions.
• Don’t overload extension cords – they can overheat and start a fire. Keep all outdoor extension cords and light strings clear of snow and standing water.
• Never use electric lights on a metallic tree. The tree can become charged with electricity from faulty lights.
• Keep children and pets away from electrical decorations. Even small light decorations can produce a fatal shock if they’re mishandled.
• Turn off all electrical decorations before leaving home or going to bed.
• Plug outdoor electric lights and decorations into circuits protected by ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs). You can buy portable GFCIs or extension cords with built-in GFCIs wherever electrical supplies are sold.
• Never nail, staple or screw extension cords.